8.1
Concept
of AI
·
Artificial Intelligence is a branch of
science which deals with helping machines finds solutions to complex problems
in a more human like fashion.
·
AI is also helps in other fields like
math, psychology, biology and philosophy besides computer science.
8.2
Component
of AI
The
basic components of AI are as follows:
·
Export system: it is a part of AI that
performs task similar to human expert.
·
Neutral Network: it is a part similar to
nervous system of human beings.
·
Logical AI: it gives result on the basis
of particular condition.
·
Search: it is used to find the best
solution to a problem among many possible solutions.
·
Pattern Recognition: it is concerned
with recognizing pattern such as speech, image, stream of text etc.
Example:
finger print recognition, voice recognition etc.
8.3
Uses
of AI
i.
Game
playing: AI in computer has been used in playing different
intellectual games like chess. Computer can play master level chess. Other
various games also can play due to AI.
ii.
Speech
recognition: Speech recognition is a way of
commanding computers to perform work through speech rather than inputting
through input devices. From 1990s, speech recognition has reached a practical
level for limited purpose.
iii.
Understanding
natural language: Due to the use of AI, computer can
easily understand the meaning of the text written in natural language.
iv.
Automated
planning and scheduling: NASA’s remote agent program became
the first on – board autonomous planning to control the scheduling of
operations for a spacecraft which lies 100 million miles from earth.
v.
Robotics:
Robots
have been used in various fields such as medicine, factory, chemistry etc which
is one of the most essence examples of AI.
8.4
Ethical
aspect of AI
The
ethics of AI must consider moral and legal issues as well as potential misuse
of technology. The AI should be beneficiary to human kind not an evil. If
machines replace people like therapist, nurse, judge or police officer, we will
find ourselves frustrated. Eventually, AI will be a threat to human dignity.
However, Authors believe that machines will never achieve the intelligence as
the humans and they will never be threat to humans.
Homework
Questions [Unit-8]
1. What
is AI? Explain the application areas of AI. (2069, 70 ‘C’,71-C)
2. What
is AI? How it is affects the modern society? (2059, 2064, 2068)
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